Footnotes, Refs & Answers

[1] Toshiyuki Nakagaki; "Japan scientists hope slime holds intelligence key." December 28th, 2011. http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-12-japan-scientists-slime-intelligence-key.html

slime mold fun:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3z_mdaQ5ac&feature=related

www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZUQQmcR5-g

[2] Professor Zafar Bashir, Dr Clea Warburton and Dr Douglas Caruana, "Study provides potential explanation for mechanisms of associative memory." December 13th, 2011. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-potential-explanation-mechanisms-associative-memory.html

[3] Dr D'Armond Speers; http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/2391707/posts

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quorum_sensing

[5] Joseph E. LeDoux (2008), Scholarpedia, 3(4):2698. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.2698

[6] http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-king-s-breakfast/

[7] Provided by Association for Psychological Science; "The Amygdala and fear are not the same thing." January 27th, 2012. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-Amygdala.html

[8] Source: Nature Neuroscience
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[9] De Grasse Tyson, N., Liu, C., & Irion, R. 2000. One Universe: At home in the cosmos. p.8–9. Joseph Henry Press. ISBN 0-309-06488-0 ]

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further reading:

Colwyn Trevarthen: What Is It Like To Be a Person Who Knows Nothing? -Defining the Active Intersubjective Mind of a Newborn Human Being.

Willett Kempton: The Rhythmic Basis of Interactional Microsynchrony

William S Condon: The Relation of Interactional Synchrony to Cognitive and Emotional Processes

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G.F.Striedter. "Principles of brain evolution". SinauerAssociates Sunderland, MA, 2005.

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55. In cases where the hemispheric processing tasks are naturally reversed, which happens sometimes just as do reverse-symmetry organs, the inner model is also reversed. We are working with the 'majority of brains' model, and there is no reason for concern if your brain is one of those that does things the other way round.

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ANSWERS

Answer to "See which network automatically takes on a puzzle"

You build a 3D pyramid, using the plasticine or whatever to hold the sticks together. If you tried to solve this with N2, spatial manipulation and pattern-matching, you probably found you couldn't. It takes N3 and imagination to apply the concept of 3 dimensions to a 2D pattern. The initial pattern you are told to make primes your brain for thinking in 2D, and it takes practice to automatically apply lateral thinking. However, it is a skill that can be learned.

Answers to Transmitter/behavior associations

In doing these exercises you may have thought that in some cases all the transmitters are necessary at different times during different parts of the task, and you'd be right. All that's required at this level is that you get to know which main ones are involved with motivating what sort of behaviors.

(a) Self-grooming behavior : (Possibly) ACh (body) + GABA (brain); Serotonin + Cortisol

You may need to stop the bird flying around, slow it down and reduce its body and mind activity, for that you'd need GABA and (bodily) ACh. If it's already sitting still, you need to make it feel disgusted with its grubby feathers and aware that dirt is dangerous, so you need serotonin + cortisol. It is going to be grooming itself (as opposed to others), so you don't need any 'cooperation' commands. The grooming stimulus must be programmed to stop cortisol release and increase serotonin, allowing the bird to experience comfort, sensory pleasure and the relaxation response when it is comfortable and clean.

(b) nest-making behavior : NE (body & brain) + Glu (brain) + ACh (body & brain) + DA + OT

You need lots of bodily motion, so you need NE in the ANS and CNS, Glu, and DA. The birds have to spread out and hunt for building-materials (DA), then slow down and gather together their materials into a nest construct (ACh in ANS and CNS). They will need focus and duration for a timed ongoing procedure, tool use, plus cooperation and synchronized working with a mate (ACh in the CNS) and they need trust and ongoing pair-bonding with the mate to maintain motivation (OT).

(c) defending young from a predator : NE (body) + Glu (brain) + DA + Cortisol

You need NE & Glu for speed of both body and mind. You need DA & Cortisol for alarm and defensive behavior.

(d) chasing prey : NE (body) + Glu (brain) + DA + ACh

You need NE & Glu for speed of both body and mind. You need DA for desire and ACh for focus.

(e) showing young how to fly NE (body) + Glu (brain) + DA+ ACh (CNS) + Oxytocin

You need NE & Glu for speed of both body and mind. You need DA to get the birds motivated to spread out and stretch their skills, ACh for cooperation and focusing on nurturing young, and OT for bonding, modeling and empathy.

You can also maybe think of other transmitters that might be necessary in these procedures, but these are the main ones.

Answers to 'Rules into commands'